描写情态动词的句子 情态动词造句 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。大家不妨来看看小编推送的情态动词造句,希望给大家带来帮助! 1

情态动词造句

情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。大家不妨来看看小编推送的情态动词造句,希望给大家带来帮助!

1.You may come anytime you want.

Student may not sleep in class

2.I would go to Norway one day.

I would not choose this color.

3.You should respect your teacher.

You should not make noise when the baby is sleeping.

4.I can speak 3 languages.

I can not finish it in 1 hour.

5.You must finish your homework before playing with the dog.

You must not eat it up if you are full.

情态动词及其用法

1) 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。

2) 情态动词 除ought 和have 外,后面只能接不带to 的不定式。

3) 情态动词没有人称,数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。

4) 情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式,分词,等形式。

比较can 和be able to

1)can could 表示能力;可能 (过去时用could),

只用于现在式和过去式(could)。be able to可以用于各种时态。

They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。

2)只用be able to

a. 位于助动词后。

b. 情态动词后。

c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。

d. 用于句首表示条件。

e. 表示成功地做了某事时,只能用was/were able to, 不能用could。

He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.

= He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.

注意:could不表示时态

1)提出委婉的请求,(注意在回答中不可用could)。

--- Could I have the television on?

--- Yes, you can. / No, you can't.

2)在否定,疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。

He couldn't be a bad man.

他不大可能是坏人。

比较may和might

1) 表示允许或请求;表示没有把握的推测;may 放在句首,表示祝愿。

May God bless you!

He might be at home.

注意: might 表示推测时,不表示时态。只是可能性比may 小。

2) 成语: may/might as well,后面接不带to 的不定式,意为"不妨"。

If that is the case, we may as well try.

典型例题

Peter ___come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.

A. must  B. may  C. can  D. will

答案B. 表可能性只能用may. 此句意可从后半句推出。

比较have to和must

1) 两词都是'必须'的意思,have to 表示客观的需要, must 表示说话人主观上的看法,既主观上的必要。

My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)

He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。(主观上要做这件事)

2) have to有人称、数、时态的变化,而must只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。

He had to look after his sister yesterday.

3) 在否定结构中: don't have to  表示"不必"

mustn't    表示"禁止",

You don't have to tell him about it.  你不一定要把此事告诉他。

You mustn't tell him about it.    你一定不要把这件事告诉他。

must表示推测

1) must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测,意为"一定"。

2) must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时, must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。

You have worked hard all day.You must be tired.  你辛苦干一整天,一定累了。(对现在情况的推测判断)

He must be working in his office. 他一定在办公室工作呢。

比较:

He must be staying there.

他现在肯定呆在那里。

He must stay there.

他必须呆在那。

3) must 表示对已发生的`事情的推测时,must 要接完成式。

I didn't hear the phone. I must have been asleep. 我刚才没有听到电话,我想必是睡着了。

4) must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测,must 后面要接不定式的完成进行式。

---Why didn't you answer my phone call?

---Well, I must have been sleeping, so I didn't hear it.

5) 否定推测用can't。

If Tom didn't leave here until five o'clock, he can't be home yet. 如果汤姆五点才离开这儿,他此时一定还未到家。

表示推测的用法

can, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推测,其用法如下:

1)情态动词+动词原形。

表示对现在或将来的情况的推测,此时动词通常为系动词。

I don't know where she is, she may be in Wuhan.

2)情态动词+动词现在进行时。

表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。

At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.

这时,我们老师想必在批改试卷。

3)情态动词+动词完成时。

表示对过去情况的推测。

We would have finished this work by the end of next December.

明年十二月底前我们很可能已完成这项工作了。

The road is wet. It must have rained last night.

地是湿的,昨天晚上一定下雨了。

4)情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时。

表示对过去正在发生事情的推测。

Your mother must have been looking for you.

你妈妈一定一直在找你。

5)推测的否定形式,疑问形式用can't, couldn't表示。

Mike can't have found his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.

迈克一定还没有找回他的车,因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。

注意:could, might表示推测时不表示时态,其推测的程度不如can, may。

情态动词+ have +过去分词

1) may(might) have + done sth, can (could) have + done sth 表示过去,推测过去时间里可能发生的事情。

Philip may (might) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.

Philip can (could) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.

2) must have +done sth,对过去时间里可能发生的事情的推测,语气较强,具有"肯定","谅必"的意思。

---Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here.

---She must have gone by bus.

3) ought to have done sth, should have done sth

本应该做某事,而事实上并没有做。否定句表示"不该做某事而做了"。

You ought to (should) have been more careful in this experiment.

He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.(事实上已扔了。)

ought to 在语气上比should 要强。

4) needn't have done sth  本没必要做某事

I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I needn't have done so. The weather was hot.

5) would like to have done sth  本打算做某事

I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then.

三十五个经典句型 帮你过写作关(英语四级)

一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)

~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)

例句:Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.

海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。

Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.

张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。

二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V

Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V

例句:Nothing is more important than to receive education.

没有比接受教育更重要的事。

三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.

(再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。)

例句:We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.

我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。

四、There is no denying that + S + V ...(不可否认的...)

例句:There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.

不可否认的,我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。

五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ (全世界都知道...)

例句:It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.

全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。

六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ (毫无疑问的...)

例句:There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.

毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。

七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子 (...的优点是...)

例句:An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won‘t create (produce) any pollution.

使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。

八、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 (...的原因是...)

例句:The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.

The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.

我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。

九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子 (如此...以致于...)

例句:So precious is time that we can‘t afford to waste it.

时间是如此珍贵,我们经不起浪费它。

十、Adj + as + Subject(主词)+ be, S + V~~~ (虽然...)

例句:Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.

{by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}

虽然我们的国家富有,我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。

十一、The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~

The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~(愈...愈...)

例句:The harder you work, the more progress you make.

你愈努力,你愈进步。

The more books we read, the more learned we become.

我们书读愈多,我们愈有学问。

十二、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~ (借着...,..能够..)

例句:By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.

借着做运动,我们能够始终保持健康。

十三、~~~ enable + Object(受词)+ to + V (..使..能够..)

例句:Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.

听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。

十四、On no account can we + V ~~~ (我们绝对不能...)

例句:On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.

我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。

十五、It is time + S + 过去式 (该是...的时候了)

例句:It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.

该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。

十六、Those who ~~~ (...的人...)

例句:Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.

违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。

十七、There is no one but ~~~ (没有人不...)

例句:There is no one but longs to go to college.

没有人不渴望上大学。

十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V (不得不...)

例句:Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.

既然考试迫在眉睫,我不得不放弃做运动。

十九、It is conceivable that + 句子 (可想而知的)

It is obvious that + 句子 (明显的)

It is apparent that + 句子 (显然的)

例句:It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.

可想而知,知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。

二十、That is the reason why ~~~ (那就是...的原因)

例句:Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don‘t like it.

夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。

二十一、For the past + 时间,S + 现在完成式...(过去...年来,...一直...)

例句:For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.

过去两年来,我一直忙着准备考试。

二十二、Since + S + 过去式,S + 现在完成式。

例句:Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.

自从他上高中,他一直很用功。

二十三、It pays to + V ~~~ (...是值得的。)

例句:It pays to help others.

帮助别人是值得的。

二十四、be based on (以...为基础)

例句:The progress of thee society is based on harmony.

社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。

二十五、Spare no effort to + V (不遗余力的)

We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.

我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。

二十六、bring home to + 人 + 事 (让...明白...事)

例句:We should bring home to people the value of working hard.

我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。

二十七、be closely related to ~~ (与...息息相关)

例句:Taking exercise is closely related to health.

做运动与健康息息相关。

二十八、Get into the habit of + Ving

= make it a rule to + V (养成...的习惯)

We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.

我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。

二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~~ (因为...)

例句:Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.

因为他的鼓励,我终于实现我的梦想。

三十、What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!(多么...!)

例句:What an important thing it is to keep our promise!

How important a thing it is to keep our promise!

遵守诺言是多么重要的事!

三十一、Leave much to be desired (令人不满意)

例句:The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.

我们的交通状况令人不满意。

三十二、Have a great influence on ~~~ (对...有很大的影响)

例句:Smoking has a great influence on our health.

抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。

三十三、do good to (对...有益),do harm to (对...有害)

例句:Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。

Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。

三十四、Pose a great threat to ~~ (对...造成一大威胁)

例句:Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.

污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。

三十五、do one‘s utmost to + V = do one‘s best (尽全力去...)

例句:We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.

我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。

小学情态动词用法课件

情态动词不能独立作谓语,只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。以下是小编为大家精心整理的小学情态动词用法课件,欢迎大家阅读。

1.can

1)表能力

can表能力时意味着凭体力或脑力或技术等可以无甚阻力地去做某事。

I can climb this pole. 我能爬这根杆子。

He is only four , but he can read. 他只有4岁,但已认得字了。

Fire can’t destroy gold. 火烧不毁金子。

因为can不能和其他助动词连用,所以表示将来式时用will be able to

You will be able to skate after you have practiced it two or three times.

你练习两三次后就会溜冰了。

2)表可能性

多用于否定与疑问结构中,但也可用在肯定句中。

Can the news be true? 这消息可能是真的吗?

It can’t be true. 它不可能是真的。

What can he possibly mean? 他可能是什么意思?

can 用在肯定句中表示理论上的可能性(一时的可能)。

A horse in the center of London can cost a lot of money.

Attending the ball can be very exciting.

The road can be blocked. 这条路可能会不通的。

may 在肯定句中表示现实的可能性。

The road may be blocked. 这条路可能不通了。

3)表示允许(和may意思相近)常见于口语。

Can (May) I come in ? 我能进来吗?

Can I smoke here ? 我可以在这里抽烟吗?

2.could的用法

1)表过去的可能和许可,(多用于间接引语中)

At that time we thought the story could not be true.

那时我们认为所说的事不可能是真的。

Father said I could swim in the river.

爸爸说我可以在河里游泳。

2)表过去的能力

I could swim when I was only six.

我刚六岁就能游泳。

Could在肯定句中表示过去的能力时,常表抽象的一般的能力。

He could be very naughty when he was a child.

他小时候会是很顽皮的。

3)表“允许”。可表示委婉客气的提出问题或陈述看法

Could I use your bike?

Yes, you can.

他会记得那时吗?

I’m afraid I couldn’t give you an answer today.

恐怕我今天不能回答你。

The teacher said you could go to the store for sweets.

老师说你可以去商店买糖。

3)Could/can+have done 结构表示对过去发生的事情的“怀疑”或“不肯定”。 could 加完成式还用于肯定句时一般表过去可能完成而却未完成的动作。

Can they have won the basketball match?

他们赢了那场篮球赛吗?

What you referred to just now can have made her very sad.

你刚刚所谈到的可能令他很伤心。

You could have completed the task a little earlier.

你本来能早点完成任务的。(但事实上并没有提前完成任务)

I could have passed my examination easily but I made too many stupid mistakes.

我本可以轻易通过考试,但我犯了太多不该犯的错误。

如表具体做某一件事的能力时,则须用 be able to .

He was able to translate the article without a dictionary.

他可以不用词典翻译那篇文章。

Can表示一贯的`能力 ,be able to表示客观能力和通过努力可以达到的能力

I can’t swim. But I am sure I will be able to swim through more practicing.

The fire spread through the hotel, but everyone was able to get out

When the boat sank he was able to swim to the bank

3.may 的用法

1)表示请求、可以、允许。

You may drive the tractor. 你可以开那台拖拉机。

2)当回答由may 引起的问题时,否定答语要用must not,表示“不许可”、“不应该”、“不行”。

May I come in?

Yes, you may.

No,you can’t

No, you may not .

No ,you mustn’t

No ,you’d better not.

3) may /might 推测性用法 可能

He may be right.

He may not come today (可能不)

He may /might come tomorrow.

, 注意: 1只用于肯定和否定句中,不用于疑问句中。

2 might 比may可能性更小

He might get a job.

He may get a job.

3 may no 可能不 can not不可能

He may not come

He can’t come

3)表建议(可和as well 连用)

You may(might)as well stay where you are.

你还是原地待着好。(may as well 有“还是……的好”的含义)

4)表祝愿

May you be happy!

might

1)表过去的“可能”和“允许”多用于间接引语。

She said that he might take her dictionary.

她说他可以拿她的词典去用。

除在间接引语中外,might一般不表示过去的“可能”与“许可”。表过去的“可能”可用could,表过去的“许可”可用were (was) allowed to。

2)表现在的“可能”,其可能性要比may小。

Electric irons could be dangerous; they might give you a severe shock.

电熨斗会有危险,它可能电着人。

3)may (might) + have +done 表示对过去发生行为的推测,含有“想必”、“也许是”的意思。

It may have been true. 这事也许是真的。

He might not have settled the question. 他可能尚未解决那个问题。

4.must 的主要用法。

1)表示必须、必要

We must do everything step by step .我们必须按部就班地做一切事情。

Why must you always bother me? 为什么你偏要打扰我呢。

2)must be + 表语的结构,通常表示猜测,含有“一定”之意。(只用在肯定句中)

He must be an honest boy. 他一定是个诚实的男孩。

This must be your room. 这一定是你的房间。

3)must 的否定式有两个:当回答由must引起的问题时,否定答复要用needn’t或don’t have to 表示“不必”、“无须”、“用不着”、“不一定”的意义。当表示“不应该”、“不许可”、“禁止”时,就用must not。

Must I go tomorrow?明天我必须去吗?

Yes, please.是的,请吧!

No , you needn’t. 不,你不必去。

4)must +have +过去分词的结构,常用在肯定句中,表示对过去发生行为的推测,含有“一定”、“准是”的意思。否定和疑问句用can。

She must have studied English before.她以前一定学过英语。

5.have to的含义与must是很接近的,只是have to 比较强调客观需要,must着重说明主观看法。

I must clean the room.(主观想法)

I have to clean the room.(客观需要)

另外,have to 能用于更多时态:

We had to be there at ten .我们得在十点钟到那里。

We will have to reconsider the whole thing.

这一切我们将不得不重新加以考虑。

have to 的否定式:don’t have to do 表示“不必做……”之意。

6.ought to 的用法

Ought to 后接动词原形,表义务,但不及must 那样具有信心,如:

You don’t look well. You ought to go to see the doctor.

你气色不好,应该去看病。

Ought to 用于否定句,其否定形式可缩略为oughtn’t ,如:

You oughtn’t to smoke so much. 你不应该抽这么多烟。

也可以用于疑问句,如:

Ought you to smoke so much?你应该抽这样多烟吗?

Ought to 在间接引语中表过去时形式不变,如:

He said you ought to tell the police.

他说你应该去报告警察。


情态动词can的教学反思

教学的方式要以教学的任务和内容、学生的年龄特点和心理需求,灵活多变地加以应用。小学生容易注意力不集中,为了引起学生的注意力并激发学生的学习积极性,

在教学情态动词can 的时候,教师画出下列简笔画:

我边画简笔画边说: I can do a lot of things. What can I do? Do you want to know. Let me tell you. I can play table tennis.(画出第一幅图示并鼓励学生说出动词短语:play table tennis) . I can play the piano.(画出第二幅图示并鼓励学生说出动词短语play the piano). I can stand on my head.(画出第三幅图示并鼓励学生说出动词短语stand on my head). 然后我叫了五位学生,让他们做动作来告诉大家。我又问:What can he /she do? 让他们说出:I can…….引出另外五个短语:play football, swim, roller blade, ski,ride a horse.接着让学生根椐学过的动词短语用句型Ican ….I cannot….个自写出自己会做的事情和不会做的事情. 然后让学生利用句型:What can I do? Can you…? Yes, I can.或No I can’t. 互猜彼此会做的.事情和不会做的事情。这样可以让学生所学语言产生兴趣,从而激发学生的学习欲望调动学生的学习积极性。

这样通过大量的、反复的、多种形式的操练,要求学生在量中求质,在速度中求准确。

我认为,为了有效地利用练习的时间,提高练习的效率,教师在组织练习时,要分秒必争,争取在有限的时间内,加大练习的强度和密度。

高一情态动词练习题的内容

篇一:【高一】情态动词练习

高中英语必修三 第一单元 情态动词练习

1.-________ I download the article again?

-No,you needn't.

A. ShallB. Will C. Must D. Can

2. -Can you go skating with us this afternoon?

-Sorry,I can't. I ________ take care of my little sister at home.

A. canB. may C. would D. have to

3. -Must I hand in my exercise book today?

-No, you ________.

A. can't B. needn't C. mustn't D. won't

4. -________I have your English name, please?

-Yes, Helen. H-E-L-E-N.

A. Must B. May C. WillD. Need

5. -Who is the boy over there? Is it John?

-No, it ________ be him. John is much taller.

A. mustn'tB. may not C. can'tD. needn't

6. -Can you play the piano, Jay?

-Yes, I ________. It's easy.

A. must B. can C. needD. may

7.-You must come back every month.

-Yes, I ________.

A. will B. mustC. shouldD. can

8. - Must we clean the room right now?

- No, you___. You ____ clean it after lunch.

A. needn't;may B. needn't;must

C. Mustn't;can D. mustn't;may

9. Children ________ play with fire.

A. mustn't B. can'tC. shouldn't D. needn't

10. -________ I come in, Mr Green?

-Yes,come in, please.

A. MustB. Need C. WillD. May

11. -Must I finish the work today?

-No, you ________. You ________ finish it tomorrow.

A. mustn't; may B. can't; can

C. needn't; may D. needn't; must

「答案与解析」

1. C.这组对话的意思是:"我必须再次下载这篇文章吗?""不必了。"该题测试情态动词的用法。根据答语 No, you needn't 就能确定要选C.

2. D.这组对话的意思是:"今天下午你能同我们一块去溜冰吗?""抱歉,我不能去。我必须在家照看我小妹妹。"该题测试情态动词的用法。表示客观上"不得不"做某事时,要用have to.

3. B.这组对话的意思是:"我必须今天交作业吗?""不必。"该题测试情态动词的用法。对以must开头的问句进行否定回答时,要用needn't.

4. B.这组对话的意思是:"我可以知道您的英文名字吗""可以,海伦。H-E-L-E-N."该题测试情态动词的用法。"请求对方许可"时,常用 May I (we)…。

5. C.这组对话的意思是:"那边的那个男生是谁?是约翰吗?""那不可能是他,约翰个子高些。"该题测试情态动词的用法。表示很肯定的否定推测时,用can't.

6. B.这组对话的意思是:"杰伊,你会弹钢琴吗?""会,小菜一碟。"该题测试情态动词的用法。一般说来,以情态动词can开头的问句,肯定回答用can;否定回答用can't.

7. A.此题易误选为B或C.这是因为受了思维定势的影响引起的,因为前面句子中的must这个词,许多人就想当然地选择了B项。其实,这里应该选择A项,句意为:"你必须每月回来一次。""好的,我会的。"

8. A.needn't表示"没有必要";may意为"可以".

9. A.考查情态动词。mustn't千万不,绝不能,一定不要;can't不能;shouldn't不应该;needn't不必要。

10. D.考查情态动词。请求允许用may或can.

11. C.考查情态动词。否定回答must,表示"不必"用needn't,排除A和B.又表示允许"可以",用may或can,所以A正确。若用must与前面needn't相矛盾。

篇二:高一英语情态动词专题训练及答案

高一英语情态动词专题训练

概 说

助动词(auxiliary)主要有两类:基本助动词(primary auxiliary)和情态助动词(modal auxiliary)。基本助动词有三个:do, have和be;情态助动词有十三个:may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to. 上述两类助动词的共同特征是,在协助主动词构成限定动词词组时,具有作用词的功能: 1) 构成否定式:

He didn’t go and neither did she.

The meeting might not start until 5 o?clock. 2) 构成疑问式或附加疑问式:

Must you leave right now?

You have been learning French for 5 years, haven’t you? 3) 构成修辞倒装:

Nowhere can he obtain any information about his sister. Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining. 4) 代替限定动词词组:

A: Who can solve this crossword puzzle? B: Tom can.

A: Shall I write to him? B: Yes, do.

情态助动词的特征

基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是,基本助动词本身没有词义,而情态助动词则有自己的词义,能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法,或表示主观设想:

What have you been doing since? (构成完成进行体,本身无词义) I am afraid I must be going. (一定要)

You may have read some account of the matter. (或许已经) 除此之外,情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征:

1) 除ought和used以外,其他情态动词后面只能接不带to的不定式。如果我们把ought to

和used to看做是固定词组的话,那么,所有情态动词无一例外地只能接不带to的不定式:

We used to grow beautiful roses.

I asked if he would come and repair my television set.

2) 情态助动词在限定动词词组总总是位居第一:

They need not have been punished so severely.

3) 情态助动词用于第三人称单数现在时的时候,没有词形变化,即其词尾无-s形式:

She dare not say what she thinks.

4) 情态动词没有非限定形式,即没有不定式、-ing分词和-ed分词形式:

Still, she needn’t have run away.

5) 情态助动词的“时”的形式并不是时间区别的主要标志。在不少场合,情态助动词的现

在时和过去时形式都可以表示现在、过去或将来时间:

Would you mind very much if I ask you to do something?

She told him he ought not to have done it.

6) 情态助动词之间是相互排斥的,即在一个限定动词词组中只能出现一个情态助动词,但

有时却可以与have和be基本助动词连用:

You should have washed the wound. Well, you shouldn’t be reading a novel.

情态助动词的意义和用法

情态助动词从最普通的意义上来说,是修饰分句意义的一种方式,它可以反映说话者对其表述是否真实和可能的程度作出判断。但不同的情态助动词本身所包含的意义和用法又不同,下面逐个分析。

1) can和could的用法

1. 表示能力或客观可能性,还可以表示请求和允许。如:

Can you finish this work tonight? Man cannot live without air.

— Can I go now?— Yes, you can.

注意:①could也可表示请求,预期委婉,主要用于疑问句,不可用于肯定句,答语应用can(即could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中)。如:

Could I come to see you tomorrow?

Yes, you can. (否定答语可用No, I?m afraid not.) ②can表示能力时,还可用be able to代替。如: I?ll not be able to come this afternoon. 2. 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。(主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中)

Can this be true?

How can you be so careless! This cannot be done by him.

3. “can(could) + have + 过去分词”的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或

不肯定。如:

He cannot have been to that town. Can he have got the book?

2) may和might的用法

1. 表示许可。

表示请求、允许时,might比many的语气更委婉一些,否定回答时要用mustn?t表示“不可以”、“禁止”、“阻止”之意。如: You may drive the car.

— Might I use your pen?— No, you mustn’t.

用May I ... 征询对方许可在文体上比较正式,在口气上比较客气。在日常口语中,用Can I ... 征询对方意见在现代口语中更为常见。 2. 用于祈使句中表示祝愿。如:

May you succeed!

3. 表示推测、可能(疑问句不能用于此意)。

He may be very busy now.

4. “may(might) + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的行为的推测。如:

He may not have finished the work.

3) must和have to的用法

1. 表示必须、必要。如:

You must come in time.

回答must引出的问句时,如果是否定的回答,不能用mustn?t,而要用needn?t或don?t have to。

— Must we hand in our exercise books today? — Yes, you must. (No, you don?t have to.)

2. “must be + 表语”的结构表示推测,它的否定或疑问式用can代替must。 This must be your pen.

3. “must + have + 过去分词”的结构常用在肯定句中,表示对过去发生的行为的推测。

它的否定或疑问式用can代替must。 He must have been to Shanghai. 4. have to的含义与must相似,两者往往可以互换使用,但have to有各种形式,随have

的变化而定。must与have to有下列几点不同:

① must表示的是说话人的主观看法,而have to则往往强调客观需要。如:

The play is not interesting. I really must go now. I had to work when I was your age.

② must一般只表现在,have则有更多的时态形式。 ③ 二者的否定意义不大相同。如:

You mustn’t go. 你可不要去。 You don’t have to go. 你不必去。 ④ 询问对方的意愿时应用must。如:

Must I clean all the room?

4) dare和need的用法

1. need表示“需要”或“必须”,作情态动词时,仅用于否定句或疑问句中,在肯定

句中一般用must, have to, ought to,或should代替。如: You needn’t come so early.

— Need I finish the work today? — Yes, you must.

注意:needn?t + 不定式的完成式“表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”。如: You needn’t have waited for me. 2. Dare作情态动词时,主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中,一般不用在肯定句中。

如:

How dare you say I?m unfair.

He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?

3. Dare和need常用作实义动词,有时态、人称和数的变化,所不同的是,作实义动

词时,在肯定句中,dare后面通常接带to的不定式,在否定和疑问句中,dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。如: I dare to swim across this river. He does not dare (to) answer. Don?t you dare (to) touch it! I wondered he dare (to) say that. He needs to finish it this evening.

5) shall和should的用法

1. Shall用于第一人称,表示征求对方的意愿。如:

What shall we do this evening? 2. Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如:

Shall we begin our lesson?

When shall he be able to leave the hospital?

3. Shall用于第二、第三人称,表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如:

You shall fail if you don?t work harder. (警告)

He shall have the book when I finish reading. (允诺) He shall be punished. (威胁)

4. Should表示劝告、建议、命令,其同义词是ought to;在疑问句中,通常用should

代替ought to。如:

You should go to class right away. Should I open the window?

Should的含义较多,用法较活,现介绍三种其特殊用法。请看下面的句子: ① I should think it would be better to try it again. 我倒是认为最好再试一试。 ② You are mistaken, I should say. 依我看,你是搞错了。 ③ I should advise you not to do that. 我倒是劝你别这样做。

④ This is something I should have liked to ask you. 这是我本来想问你的。

从以上例句可以看出:情态动词should用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。

Should还可以用在if引导的条件从句,表示一件事听起来可能性很小,但也不是完

全没有可能。相当于“万一”的意思。从句谓语由should加动词原形构成,主句谓语却不一定用虚拟语气。如:

⑤ Ask her to ring me up if you should see her. 你万一见到她,请让她给我打个电话。 ⑥ If you should change your mind, please let us know. 万一你改变主意,请通知我

们。

⑦ Should I (If I should) be free tomorrow I will come. 万一我明天有时间,我就来。 此外,Why(or How) + should结构表示说话人对某事不能理解,感到意外、惊异等意思。意为“竟会”。如:

⑧ Why should you be so late today? 你几天怎么来得这么晚? ⑨ — Where is Betty living? — 贝蒂住在哪里? — How should I know? — 我怎么会知道呢?

⑩ I don?t know why you should think that I did it. 我真不知道你凭什么认为这件事

是我干的。

5. “should + have + 过去分词”结构一般表示义务,表示应该做到而实际上没有做到,

并包含一种埋怨、责备的口气。如: She should have finished it.

I should have helped her, but I never could. You should have started earlier.

6) will和would的用法

1. 表示请求、建议等,would比will委婉客气。如:

Would you pass me the book? 2. 表示意志、愿望和决心。如:

I will never do that again.

They asked if we would do that again.

3. 用“will be”和“will(would) + have + 过去分词”的结构表示推测,主要用于第二、

三人称。前者表示对目前情况的推测,后者表示对已经完成的动作或事态的推测。如:

This will be the book you want. He will have arrived by now.

The guests would have arrived by that time. I thought you would have finished this by now. 4. Would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某中倾向。Would表过去习惯时比used to正式,

并没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。如: The wound would not heal.

During the vacation he would visit me every week. 5. 表料想或猜想。如:

It would be about ten when he left home. What would she be doing there?

I thought he would have told you all about it.

7) ought to的用法

1. Ought to表示应该。如:

篇三:高一英语必修三 情态动词(含习题及解析)

情态动词全解析

一、何谓“情态动词”?

情态动词主要用来表示说话人的情感、态度等,是中学英语语法的重点,也是高考的热点,

是单项填空必考的一个知识点。情态动词在近五年高考中主要考查四点:情态动词表示推测

和可能性的用法;情态动词与虚拟语气;情态动词的表达“情感、态度、语气等”,情态动词

表示 “必要性”等方面的用法。

二、情态动词的特点

1.没有人称和数的变化。

2. 有些情态动词有过去式的变化:

e.g. will → would , can → could , may→ might , dare → dared

三、情态动词的否定形式

情态动词+ not +动词原形can not: can't , must not: mustn't , need not : needn't

四、情态动词的用法及相互间的区别(注意:这是常考的考点)

1. can , be able to be able to 表示经过努力后, 能够做到; be able to 有多种形式的变化。

can

1). 表示体力或脑力方面的能力;

2). 表示允许、可能性。

could 是can的过去式, 表示过去有能力及过去存在的可能性 ; 用于疑问句表示委婉地提出

问题。

1) The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____ get out.

A. had to B. would C. couldD. was able to

2) -Will you stay for lunch?

-Sorry, __. My brother is coming to see me.

A. I mustn'tB. I can't C. I needn't D. I won't

2.may 表示询问或说明一件事可不可做; 表示某事有可能发生。might是may的过去式; 用

在疑问中比may委婉、客气。

1) -May I take this book out of the reading-room?

-No, you mustn't.( Yes, you may.)

2) -Might I make a suggestion? -Yes, you may.

3. must

1). 表示必须要做的事: 必须

2) 表示很有把握的推断: 一定, 准是。have (has)to : have (has)got to 必须, 不得不。过

去式: had to

3) -Must I get to the station before three o'clock?

-Yes, you must. ( No, you needn't. )

4) I'm afraid you will have to wait a while.

5) She must be in the classroom now.

6) Mary ____ be in Paris, I saw her in town only a few minutes ago.

A. mustn't B. shouldn'tC. can'tD. may not

4. shall

1) 在疑问句中, 用于第一、三人称表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请求。

2) 用于二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的 命令、警告、允诺等概念。

1) - Shall I place an order with you now? -No, you needn’t.

-Shall he turn down the radio a bit? -

Yes, please.(No, please don't.)

2) You shall have the English book as soon as I finish it.

3) Everything that he owns shall be taken away from him.

4) Your brother seldom comes to see you, ____?

A. does he B. doesn't he C. will he D. isn't he

5) It's a fine day. Let's go fishing, ____?

A. won't we B. will we

C. don't we D. shall we

5. should 应该 ; 应当

1) You should listen to the doctor's advice.

2) You should study the article carefully.

6. will, would

1) 在疑问句中用于第二人称,表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问。用would语气更加婉转。

2) will 表示现在的习惯性动作或状态; would 表示过去的习惯性动作或状态。

3) will 用于各种人称, 表示 意志、意愿、决心、允诺; would 表示过去时间的 意志、意愿、......。

(1) Don't smoke in the meeting room, ___ you?

A. do youB. will youC. can you D. could you

-Will you come with me?-Yes, I will.(I am sorry , I can't.)

(2) -Would you tell us something about yourself? -Yes, I will.

(3) - It's my birthday tomorrow. Don't forget to come to my party.

- _____ .

A. I don't B. I won't C. I can't D. I haven't

7. ought to 应该; 应当

1) You oughtn't to smoke too much.

2) She ____ for what she has done.

A. ought to praise B. ought be praised

C. ought to have praised D. ought to be praised

8. dare1. dare to come2. dare come

1) He dare not tell the truth.

2) He doesn't dare to come out at night.

3) I don't know whether he ____ try.

A. dare B. needs C. wants D. is allowed

9. need

1). 作为情态动词:必须

2). 作为实义动词: 需要

A.主语是人 need( to do something ; to be done by somebody)

B. 主语是事物 need ( doing; to be done)

1) -Do they need to take any books with them?

-No, they don't need to.

2) -Need we buy any new equipment? -No, we needn't.

3) This farm tool needs repairing.

This farm tool needs to be repaired.

4) -Shall I tell John about it ?

- No, you ___ . I've told him already.

A. needn't B. wouldn't

C. mustn'tD. shouldn't

5) It's a fine day. You ____ take a raincoat with you.

A. can't B. mustn't

C. needn't D. may not

[★★★]五、情态动词的解题例析

(1) 认真审题,结合所给出的语境,正确把握说话者的语气、情感、态度、观点等。

(2) 认真思考所给选项中情态动词的基本特征和用法,并结合语境推敲答案。

(3) 要注意把握时间概念。

情态动词无论是表达“推测和可能性”,还是表达“虚拟”这一概念,只要是对过去已经发生的

事情进行描述,一律用“情态动词+have done”这一结构;对现在或将来的事情进行描述,用“情

态动词+动词或系动词原形”。例如:

(NMET2022山东,24)Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ______ it

without you.

A. can manage B. could have managed

C. could manage D. can have managed

根据题干中所给出的.时间last week可知我们已经做完了工作,已经完成,故排除A、C两

项,再结合could have done表示虚拟语气以及与前面的I don’t think…,故说话者想表达的

意思是:离开了你,我们本不可能完成这项工作。故答案为B项。

★下面我们来看看常考的一些情态动词★

以下试题均来源于往年的高考试题,具有很强的针对性

(1) must表示推测,意为“一定……”,只能用于肯定句中。 must have done意为:一定做过

某事或某事肯定发生了。 例如:

—She looks very happy. She ______ have passed the exam.

—I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.

A. should B. could C. must D. might

【解析】句意为:她看上去很高兴,一定是通过了考试。

【答案】C

(2) should (not) / ought (not) to在中表示根据常规或常识推测,表示“某事应该或不应该发

生”,语气比must或can’t / couldn’t稍弱。

例如:—How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?

—It ________ be, but it is now heavily polluted.

A. will B. would C. should D. must

【解析】should此处表示推测,意为“应该”。

【答案】C

②There _________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in

the driving school.

A. mustn’t B. shan’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t

【解析】句意:既然你在驾校进行了大量训练,那么通过道路测试按理不应该有困难。

【答案】C

(3) can, could表达推测时,一般用于疑问句和否定句中;can用于肯定句中表示一种理论上

的可能性,并不牵涉是否真的会发生,在这种用法中can只能与动词原形连用;could用于

肯定句中,语气比may/ might更弱。例如:

①You ______ be hungry already — you had lunch only two hours ago!

A. wouldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t

②She ______ have left school, for her bike is still here.

A. can’t B. wouldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t

③It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _____ be rather cold sometime.

A. must B. can C. should D. would

④Peter ____ be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.

A. shall B. should C. can D. must

【解析】①② 两个考题中can用于中表示否定的推测,意为:不可能,一定不会; ③④两个

考题中can表示理论上的可能性,翻译为:有时候会……。

【答案】① B ② A ③ B ④ C

(4)may (not) / might (not)表达一种不太把握的推测,意为“或许,可能”;might的语气比may

较婉转。例如:

① Liza ___ well not want to go on the trip --- she hates traveling.

A. will B. canC. mustD. may

【解析】may well为固定搭配,意为:很可能,极有可能。

【答案】D

② Although this ____ sound like a simple task, great care is needed.

A. mustB. may C. shallD. should

【解析】这听起来或许是一项简单的任务,但却需要极大的细心。

【答案】B

③—I can’t find my purse anywhere.

—You __ have lost it while shopping.

A. may B. can C. should D. would

【解析】结合语境可知,回答者是在提醒对方:或许购物时把钱包丢了。

【答案】A

(二)表达虚拟语气的情态动词

对过去的一种结果的假设或虚拟,用情态动词+have done这一结构,常用的有以下几个情态

动词:

(1) should (not) / ought (not) to have done本(不)应该做某事,但却没有做或做了,含有责

备或后悔之意。例如:

—I’m sorry. I _________at you the other day.

—Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.

A. shouldn’t shoutB. shouldn’t have shouted

C. mustn’t shoutC. mustn’t have shouted

【解析】对不起,我那天本不应该对你大喊大叫的。

【答案】B

(2) could have done本来能够做某事但未做。例如:

Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ______ it without you.

A. can manage B. could have managed

C. could manage D. can have managed

【解析】根据题干中所给出的时间last week可知我们已经做完了工作,已经完成,故排除

A、C两项,再结合could have done表示虚拟语气以及与前面的I don’t think…,故说话者想

表达的意思是:离开了你,我们本不可能完成这项工作。

【答案】B

(3) needn’t have done本没有必要做某事但却做了。要注意needn’t do则表达“没有必要去做

某事”,时间上应该是现在或将来。例如:

①—Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.

—Thanks. You ________ it. I could manage it myself.

A. needn’t do B. needn’t have done

C. mustn’t do D. shouldn’t have done

【解析】根据句意可知Catherine对对方为她打扫了房间表示感谢并提到对方不必为她打扫

房间。

【答案】B

② The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we go to work tomorrow.

A. can’tB. mustn’t C. needn’tD. shouldn’t

【解析】老板给所有的员工放了假,所以我们明天不必再去上班。

【答案】C

(4)would (not) have done本来(不)会发生某事,但却(发生了)或没有发生。常用于虚拟条

件句或含蓄虚拟条件引导的虚拟语气,表示对过去所发生事情结果的假设。例如:

He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise, he ________ a goal.

A. had scored B. scored

C. would scoreD. would have scored

【解析】句中otherwise为含蓄条件,相当于if he had not hesitated for a moment before kicking

the ball,这是对过去的一种虚拟假设。

【答案】D

(5) might have done表示“本来可能……”,但实际上没有发生的事。例如:

What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ________ better.

A. need have done B. must have done

C. can have done D. might have done

【解析】真是可惜!考虑到他的能力和经验,他本来可以做得更好的。

【答案】D

(三)表达“情感、态度、语气” 等方面的情态动词

1. must表达“情感、态度、语气”主要有以下用法:

(1) 表示主观的义务和必要,主要用于肯定句和疑问句,意思为“必须……,得……,要……”;

由must引起的疑问句,肯定回答要用must或have to, 否定回答要用needn’t或don’t have to,

意思是“不必”。另外,must与have to都可以表示“必须”这一含义。must表示一种主观的需

要,而have to表示一种客观的需要,意思是“不得不”,其否定形式是don’ have to。

例如: -What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?

--Well, it ______ be big--that's not important.

A. mustn't B. needn't C. can't D. won't

【解析】Something big?此处意为:Must it be big? 回答者的意思是:房子不必太大—那并不

重要。

【答案】B

(2) must的否定形式mustn’t表示禁止,意思是“不能,不许”。例如:

When I was young, I was told that I ______ play with matches

A. wouldn't B. needn't C. mustn't D. daren't

【解析】当我年轻的时候,(家人)就一直告诫我千万不要玩火柴。